Home power management system

ABSTRACT

Systems and methods for managing power usage are provided. The system includes a programmable microprocessor, at least one input mechanism, a memory having instructions and/or other information, a display, at least one power consuming power device and a remote server. The systems allows the user of a power consuming device to receive instructions or other information from the server. The method includes using stored program instructions to generate power device related information on a display, collecting power device data representative of the electrical current or power consumed, connecting to a remote computing facility having a server, and providing the data to a computer remotely located from the central server.

This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 11/487,282, filed Jul.14, 2006 now U.S. Pat. No. 8,095,340, which is a continuation in-part ofSer. No. 11/272,816, filed Nov. 15, 2005 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,613,590.The above-identified applications are incorporated herein by referencein their entirety.

The present application is related to U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,168,563;6,101,478; 5,897,493; 5,307,263; 5,899,855; 6,381,577; 6,248,065; and6,368,273, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND

1. Field of the Invention

The invention is generally directed to power monitoring and inparticular to a microprocessor-based power monitoring system in whichthe power devices may be connected to a computer network.

2. Description of the Related Art

In the following discussion certain articles and methods will bedescribed for background and introductory purposes. Nothing containedherein is to be construed as an “admission” of prior art. Applicantexpressly reserves the right to demonstrate, where appropriate, that thearticles and methods referenced herein do not constitute prior art underthe applicable statutory provisions.

In recent years appliances that include microchips have been developed.These “smart appliances” can be programmed by their owners to turnthemselves on or off, even when the owners are not present. Smart coffeemakers can start brewing coffee before the owner is even awake.Sophisticated thermostats allow for the input of multiple programs, forexample, different weekday and weekend schedules. These devices provideboth convenience and energy savings.

Smart homes have been suggested. That is, a home in which many, if notall, of the appliances have microchips and are networked to a centralcomputer in the house. In this way, tremendous control over the varioushousehold appliances can be realized by the owner, resulting insignificant energy savings. Although these various smart appliances givetheir owner much control, they have not been networked or connected inany way to a remotely located professional associated with a utilitysupplying power or third party (i.e., non-consumer, non-supplier) suchas an entity involved in regulating power or some other party with anexpertise in power monitoring or power management.

Presently, there is a need for a power monitoring system that networksor connects appliances in a home or business to a remotely locatedprofessional or third party. It would be advantageous to have a powermonitoring system in which an expert could assist the owner/operator inmaximizing energy savings. It would also be advantageous to have asystem in which this could be accomplished interactively in real time ornear real time. It would be further advantageous to have a system inwhich the expert could send educational or even advertising informationto the owner/operator. Additionally, it would be advantageous to have asystem in which some or all of the appliances could be controlledremotely.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a system for managing power usage by atleast one power consumer comprising: a programmable microprocessor; atleast one input mechanism; a memory having instructions and/or otherinformation; a display; at least one device having at least one sensoroperable for monitoring the electrical current or power consumptionassociated with operation of the device and for producing signalsrepresentative of the monitored electrical current or power consumed; acommunications device connectable in signal communication with both theprogrammable microprocessor and the at least one monitor; and programinstructions for the programmable microprocessor that, (i) causeinstructions and/or other information stored in the memory to bepresented to the power consumer on the display, (ii) collect data from auser interaction with the at least one input mechanism in response tothe display and store data in memory, (iii) collect data from the atleast one sensor and store the data in memory, (iv) transmit data to aremotely located server, (v) receive from the server instructions and/orother information stored on the server for transmission to theprogrammable microprocessor, wherein the instructions and/or otherinformation facilitate changes in the power consumer's behavior throughconsumer education and/or feedback based on the collected data, and (vi)store instructions and/or other information in the memory.

The present invention also provides a method of using a modularmicroprocessor system for managing power usage by a power consumercomprising: (a) at a site employing at least one device, (i) usingstored program instructions to generate device related information on atleast one display; (ii) collecting device data representative of theelectrical current or power consumed thereby using a programmablemicroprocessor; (b) connecting at least one remotely located computingfacility including at least one central server for communication with acommunications device at the device site; and (c) providing the data toat least one computer remotely located from and in signal communicationwith the central server, wherein hardware and software of the centralserver are configured to receive and store device-related data from thedevice site that can be viewed or retrieved by an authorized user fromthe remotely located computer.

The present invention also provides a system for remotely monitoring adevice, the system comprising: a) a server; b) a remote interface forentering in the server a set of queries; and c) a remotely programmableapparatus for interacting with the device, the remotely programmableapparatus being in communication with the server; wherein the servercomprises: i) a script generator for generating a script program fromthe set of queries and a profile, the script program being executable bythe remotely programmable apparatus to communicate the set of queries tothe power consumer, to receive responses to the set of queries, and totransmit the responses from the remotely programmable apparatus to theserver; and ii) a database connected to the script generator, thedatabase for storing the script program, the responses to the set ofqueries, and the power consumer profile; and wherein the remotelyprogrammable apparatus comprises: i) a communication device forreceiving the script program from the server and for transmitting theresponses to the server; ii) an interface for communicating the set ofqueries to the power consumer and for receiving the responses to the setof queries; iii) a memory for storing the script program and theresponses to the set of queries; and iv) a processor connected to thecommunication device, the interface, and the memory for executing thescript program to communicate the set of queries to the power consumer,to receive the responses to the set of queries, and to transmit theresponses to the server.

The present invention also provides a system for managing power usagecomprising: a plurality of networked customer sites having, aprogrammable microprocessor; at least one input mechanism; a memoryhaving instructions and/or other information; a display; at least onedevice having at least one sensor operable for monitoring the electricalcurrent or power consumed associated with operation of the device andfor producing signals representative of the monitored electrical currentor power consumed; a communications device connectable in signalcommunication with both the programmable microprocessor and the at leastone monitor; and program instructions for the programmablemicroprocessor that, (i) cause instructions and/or other informationstored in the memory to be presented to a user on the display, (ii)collect data from a user interaction with the at least one inputmechanism in response to the display and stores data in memory, (iii)collect data from the at least one sensor and stores the data in memory,(iv) transmit data to a remotely located server, (v) receive from theserver instructions and/or other information stored on the server fortransmission to the programmable microprocessor, and (vi) storeinstructions and/or other information in the memory, wherein theplurality of customer sites are configured to act as a virtual utilityor power co-op.

The present invention also provides a method of using a modularmicroprocessor system for managing power usage comprising: (a) at aplurality of sites employing at least one device, (i) using storedprogram instructions to generate device related information on at leastone display; (ii) collecting device related data using a programmablemicroprocessor; (b) connecting at least one remotely located computingfacility including at least one central server for communication with acommunications device at the device sites; (c) providing the device datato at least one computer remotely located from and in signalcommunication with the central server, wherein hardware and software ofthe central server are configured to receive and store device-relateddata from the plurality of device sites that can be viewed or retrievedby a user from the remotely located computer; and (d) aggregating theplurality of device sites into a virtual utility or power co-op.

Additional features, advantages, and embodiments of the invention may beset forth or apparent from consideration of the following detaileddescription, drawings, and claims. Moreover, it is to be understood thatboth the foregoing summary of the invention and the following detaileddescription are exemplary and intended to provide further explanationwithout limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a furtherunderstanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute apart of this specification, illustrate preferred embodiments of theinvention and together with the detailed description serve to explainthe principles of the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power monitoring system according toone embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power monitoring system according toanother embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a power device according to an embodiment ofthe invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power monitoring system according toa further embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power monitoring system according toanother embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating structural components of adata management device and its connection to other components of thepower device system.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power monitoring system according toan alternate embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the interaction of componentsof the embodiment of FIG. 7.

FIG. 9, is a perspective view of a remotely programmable apparatusaccording to one embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the components of the apparatus ofFIG. 9.

FIG. 11 is a script entry screen according to an embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 12 is a script assignment screen according to an embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 13 is a sample query according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 14 is a sample prompt according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 15 is a sample report according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 16 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of a method of oneembodiment of the invention.

FIG. 17 is a flow chart of a sample script according to one embodimentof the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

The present invention, in one embodiment, provides a modular powermonitoring and management system. Other embodiments of the inventioninclude methods of using power consuming devices (hereinafter “powerdevices”) employing a modular power monitoring and management system.The system may employ a compact microprocessor-based device thatincludes switches for controlling operation of the device. Themicroprocessor-based device processes data supplied by sensors that canbe integrated with the power devices to supply signals for displayingrelevant information on a display that may be included in themicroprocessor-based device or may be integrated into the power device.The sensors can collect data from the power device and the user'senvironment and send data to a clearinghouse or central server.

In one embodiment of the invention, data can be sent from a datamanagement device to a remote clearinghouse having a server and from theserver to a remotely located service provider. In this embodiment, thesystem provides for transmission of signals to the remote clearinghouseincluding, for example, via telephone lines or other transmission media.Preferably, the clearinghouse includes signal processing capability fortransmission of reports to the remotely located service provider and fortransmission of program instructions to the data management device foradaptation of the power device. The service provider is preferably aprofessional associated with a utility supplying power. However, theservice provider may also be a third party (i.e., non-consumer,non-supplier) such as an entity involved in regulating power or someother party with an expertise in power monitoring or power management.In one embodiment of the invention, the third party may independentlyverify power usage. In some embodiments of the invention, any or all ofthe power consumer, the power supplier and the third party may have toauthenticate themselves before using the power monitoring system. Instill other embodiments, the power consumer, the power supplier and/orthe third party have different levels of access to the system. Infurther embodiments of the invention a consumer profile is stored on theserver. This profile may include an inventory of the power consumer'spower devices, the consumer's preferences, and other data relevant tothe consumer's consumption of power.

In one embodiment of the invention, the system includes a programcartridge operatively connected to the microprocessor-based device. Theprogram cartridge adapts the microprocessor-based device for operationwith various power devices such as stoves, ovens, lamps, overheadlights, air conditioners, televisions, as well as small appliances suchas toasters, blenders, coffee makers, etc. In one aspect of theinvention, a preprogrammed cartridge may be purchased, for example, atretail stores such as department stores, and the like. In another aspectof the invention, a preprogrammed cartridge can be ordered for deliverythrough the mail. These cartridges may be ordered, for example, from thedevice manufacturer, third party developers/designers, or utilitycustomer service centers. In still another aspect of the invention, theadaptation can occur by downloading program instructions from theclearinghouse server to the cartridge. The program instructions may beselected by the user of the power device via a website or by the serviceproviders. In other embodiments of the invention, program instructionssent from the clearinghouse reconfigure software in the programcartridge, altering the operation of the power device. In still anotherembodiment of the invention, the program cartridge is operativelyconnected to the power device via a receptacle in the power device. Inthis embodiment, the program cartridge adapts the power device to supplysignals for displaying relevant information on a display that may beincluded in the microprocessor-based device or may be integrated intothe power device.

In other embodiments, the functionality of the cartridge is incorporateddirectly into the microprocessor-based device. In still otherembodiments, the functionality of the cartridge is incorporated in amemory integrated in the power device. In all of the above-embodiments,program instructions may be downloaded from the clearinghouse server toadapt or reconfigure the microprocessor or the power device.

FIG. 1 illustrates a modular microprocessor-based tool system 1000according to one embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, aservice provider 1002 is in signal connection with a clearinghouse 1006,e.g., via a network 1004. The service provider 1002 may be, for example,a power management system, a professional associated with a utilitysupplying power or an entity involved in regulating power.

In this embodiment, the clearinghouse 1006 includes a central server(not shown) that includes memory for storing instructions and messagesfrom the service provider 1002 as well as data and questions/messagesfrom the operator of the power device 1014. In other embodiments of theinvention, the central server includes software that allows it toanalyze data from the power device 1014. Thus, in these embodiments, theclearinghouse is capable of transferring both “raw” data, that isunprocessed data from the power device 1014, as well as analyzed data.The analysis software may include statistical analysis tools as well astools to graphically represent the data.

The clearinghouse 1006 is connected to the power device 1014, e.g., viaa network 1008. The first and second networks 1004, 1008 have beenillustrated as different networks to aid in describing the flow ofinformation between the service provider 1002 and the power devices1014. However, some or all parts of the networks 1004, 1008 may be thesame. That is, data and information may, for example, flow over theInternet as part of networks 1004, 1008.

The connection between the second network 1008 to the power device 1014may be through a communications device 1010 and a microprocessor 1012.In one embodiment of the invention, the communications device 1010 andthe microprocessor 1012 are housed in a data management device (notshown in FIG. 1). In one aspect of this embodiment, the data managementdevice is a handheld unit (discussed in more detail below). Thecommunications device 1010 may be, for example, a modem. In otherembodiments of the invention, the communications device 1010 and themicroprocessor 1012 may be integral with the power device 2014 (FIG. 3).

The modular microprocessor-based device system 1000 may also include amemory 1013. This memory 1013 may also be integral with the power device1014 or located within the aforementioned handheld unit. Preferably thememory 1013 stores program instructions that aid in the operation of thepower device 1014 as well as coordinate the collection of data fromsensors 1016 a-1016 c. Additionally, the memory 1013 can store sensordata and messages from the operator to the service provider 1002 andfrom the service provider 1002 to the operator.

Also depicted in FIG. 1 is an input mechanism 1020 and an outputmechanism 1018. In one embodiment of the invention, the input mechanismcan comprise a plurality of buttons or switches that allow the user toanswer questions or input information related to the operation of thepower device 1014. Other input mechanisms may also be used. For exampletouch screens, light pens and miniature keyboards may also be used. Theoutput mechanism can be, for example, a display screen that can displayboth text and graphics. Audio output devices are also contemplated.

Associated with one or more power device 1014 are sensors 1016 a-1016 c.As illustrated in FIG. 1, the power device 1014 has three sensors 1016a-1016 c. This is by way of example only. The power device 1014 may haveany number of sensors 1016. In one embodiment of the invention, thesensors 1016 a-1016 c are integral with the power device 2014 (see FIG.3). In other embodiments of the invention, one or more of the sensors1016 may be external of the power device 1014 but capable of measuringrelevant data. For example, the sensors 1016 may be part of a smartelectrical socket (not shown). In one embodiment of the invention, thesmart socket may be hard wired into the wall, that is, replace thestandard wall socket. In another embodiment of the invention, the smartsocket is a separate unit that is plugged into a standard socket andreceives the plug of a power devices. The one more external sensors 1016may measure, for example, ambient temperature or relative humidity. Theinternal sensor 1016 may be used to measure, for example, current, powerconsumption, ambient temperature or any other property useful fordetermining if the device should be turned on, off, or be varied. As anexample, a measurement of the ambient temperature may be used todetermine if an air conditioner or heater should be increased ordecreased. The sensors 1016 are in signal communication with at leastone of the microprocessor 1012 and the memory 1013.

FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment of the invention. The modularmicroprocessor-based power monitoring system 1100 of this embodiment mayinclude more than one service provider(s) 1002 a, 1002 b. In theillustrated embodiment, there are two service providers 1002 a, 1002 b.However, there may be any number of service providers 1002.

As evident from the illustrated embodiment, the invention may includemultiple power devices 1014 a, 1014 b, 1014 c. FIG. 2 illustrates threepower devices 1014 a, 1014 b, 1014 c, however, any number of powerdevices 1014 may be included. This embodiment is suitable, for example,a home in which many power devices (e.g., refrigerator, freezer,heating, air conditioning) are in constant or frequent use. Otherexamples include, commercial, business and industrial settings in whichmany power devices 1014 are typically in use. Each of the power devices1014 a, 1014 b, 1014 c has been illustrated with three sensors 1016a-1016 c. As in the earlier embodiments, there may be more or less thanthree sensors per power device 1014. Further, there may be anycombination of service providers 1002, power devices 1014 and sensors1016. The example illustrated in FIG. 2 is merely for illustrativepurposes only.

FIG. 3 illustrates a power device 2014 constructed according to oneembodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the power device 2104includes integral sensors 2016. Further, this embodiment includes anintegral microprocessor 2012 and an integral communications device 2010.The integral communications device 2010 may be a modem or a wirelesstransmitter. In one aspect of the invention, communications can beaffected by sending a signal through the power cord 2022. In anotheraspect of the invention, a separate communications port (not shown)adapted to receive a communications cable can be provided. In stillanother aspect of the invention, the communications device 2010 is awireless transmitter/receiver.

The power device 2014 of this embodiment of the invention also includesan output device such as a display 2018. Preferably, the display 2018can illustrate graphics as well as alphanumeric text. The power device2014 may also include audible or tactile output devices (not shown).Also included are input devices 2020. As illustrated, input devices 2020are push buttons. Alternative input devices 2020 include touch screensand switches. Further, it is contemplated that an entire miniaturekeyboard may be included. With the input device 2020, the power deviceoperator can respond to questions and comments from the service provider1002 and even input questions for the service provider 1002. Thus, bothdata and messages can be sent back and forth from the power device 2014operator to the service provider 1002 via the clearinghouse 1006. Thedata may include “raw” data, that is, unanalyzed data. However, in someembodiments of the invention, the power device 2014 is also providedwith memory (not shown) and software that can analyze the sensor data.Thus, the service provider 1002 can be provided with both raw andanalyzed data. In still other embodiments of the invention, the powerdevice 2014 is provided with a receptacle 2023 adapted to receive aprogram cartridge (not shown). In this embodiment, the program cartridgemay include the instructions to adapt the power device 2014 to operatein the power device system. That is, the program cartridge may includeinstructions for operating the sensors 2016, the microprocessor 2012,the communications device 2010, the display 2018 and the input devices2020.

In another embodiment of the invention, a plurality of homes,businesses, or combinations thereof may be aggregated or pooled to froma virtual utility or power co-op. Because several entities are pooledtogether, the virtual utility may be able to negotiate with the localutility for better prices. In this way, financial returns may beoptimized. Preferably, the virtual utility or co-op can negotiate basedon managed consumption and/or predictable usage patterns. Optionally,the pooled power consuming sites may be metered as a group. Further, thevirtual utility or co-op can negotiate for rolling-blackout managementrather than a total blackout in a power shortage. With the system andmethods of the present invention, rolling-blackout management may beaccomplished by blocking out specific local usages. In one embodiment ofthe invention, preferences to specific local usages may be designated byeach power consumer. For example, a particular power consumer may uploadinto his consumer profile a preference to some power consuming devicesbe turned downed or even turned completely off while others continue toget full power.

In one embodiment, preferences may be set by ranking all of thenetworked power consuming devices. In an alternate embodiment, ratherthan give each power consuming device a unique ranking, categories ofimportance may be established. In this embodiment, several powerconsuming devices may have the same ranking. In this manner, in times ofpower shortage, individual power consuming devices may turned off by autility rather than shutting off all of the power to a neighborhood.

Alternate embodiments of the invention contemplate that one or morepower consumers may operate power generating devices. Possible powergenerating devices include, but are not limited to, solar units, windturbines, geothermal units, fuel cells, biofuels, or exercise equipment.Power from the power generating devices may be supplied to the powergrid. The supplier of power may optionally have their power meter rolledback, be sent a rebate check or be compensated by any other agreed tomethod. The supplied power may be “sold” individually or be aggregatedand sold back collectively.

One example in which this method is advantageous is having the seversend recommendations on saving power through changing usage patterns orsuggesting conservation tips. In another example, the server providesfeedback and other information to the user on environmental factors,such as CO₂ emissions, that result from consumer usage patterns and/ordecisions. Instill another example, the server may include sponsorshipand/or advertisements targeting the power consumer.

In one method of the practicing the invention the power device user canremotely control at least one power device 1014. This may beaccomplished, for example, with a handheld device, described in moredetail below. In other embodiments of the invention, the handheld deviceuser can control a plurality of power devices 1014.

In still other embodiments of the invention, the system may includeelectronic storage which can store historical usage and cost data. Theelectronic storage may be located at the consumer site, theclearinghouse, the utility, or a third party location. Furthermore,electronic storage may be located at some or all of these locations.With the historical data, the various entities associated with thesystem may perform statistical analysis and look for energy consumptiontrends. Analysis may show, for example, that a particular power deviceis in need of repair or replacement. Alternatively, the utility or thirdparty can transmit advertisements for new, more energy efficient powerdevices 1014 to the power consumer.

In still other embodiments of the invention, the microprocessor 1012 andthe communications device 1010 are supplied in a separate unit(discussed in more detail below). In still other embodiments of theinvention, the power device user may connect the power device 1014 to apersonal computer (discussed in more detail below). The connection maybe either direct or via the separate device. In this embodiment of theinvention, the power device user may take advantage of the keyboard andmouse of the personal computer to input information into the system.

FIG. 4 depicts a modular microprocessor-based power monitoring systemarranged in accordance with another embodiment of the invention. In thearrangement shown in FIG. 1, a data management device 10 is electricallyinterconnected with a handheld microprocessor-based device 12 via acable 14. In the depicted arrangement, data management device 10 also isin signal communication with a power device 15. The power device 15 mayhave a power consumption sensor 16 capable of sensing power consumed bythe power device and producing an electrical signal representativethereof. Although FIG. 4 illustrates the power device 15 as beingconnected to data management device 10 by a cable 18, it may bepreferable to construct power device 15 using wireless technology toprovide signal communication between the power device 15 and the datamanagement device 10. Example wireless technologies include, but are notlimited to, cell phone, RF, and Bluetooth®. Regardless of the manner inwhich power device 15 is interconnected with data management device 10,both that interconnection and cable 14 can be configured for serial datacommunication between the interconnected devices. However, alternativedate transfer schemes may be used.

Also shown in FIG. 4 are sensors 20 and 22, which are in datacommunication with data management device 10 via cables 24 and 26,respectively. Sensor 20 and sensor 22 of FIG. 4 represent sensors otherthan power consumption sensor 16 that can be used with the invention.Additional properties that may be monitored by the sensors include, butare not limited to humidity and room temperature. Upon understanding thevarious aspects and features of the invention it will be recognized thatthe invention is easily implemented for industrial and commercial, aswell as home. Further, multiple sensors may be used with any given powerdevice 15 and multiple power devices may be simultaneously monitored bythe system. Sensors used in the practice of the invention can bearranged in a variety of ways. The data to be recorded or otherwiseemployed by handheld microprocessor device 12 and/or data managementdevice 10 can be provided in serial format in synchronization with clocksignals provided by data management device 10. The sensors 16, 20, 22can be connected to data management device 10 with cables 18, 24, 26 (asshown in FIG. 4) or may be connected via wireless technology (notshown).

As is shown in FIG. 4, handheld microprocessor device 12 may include adisplay screen 28 and at least one input mechanism such as a pluralityof switches or keys (30, 32, 34, 36, and 38 in FIG. 4), which aremounted on a housing 40. Located in the interior of housing 40, but notshown in FIG. 4, are a microprocessor, memory circuits, and circuitrythat interface with switches 30, 32, 34, 36 and 38 with themicroprocessor. Stored in the memory of program handheld microprocessordevice 12 can be a set of program instructions that establishes a dataprotocol that allows handheld microprocessor device 12 to performdigital data signal processing and generate desired data or graphics forpresentation on display 28 when a cartridge 42 is inserted in a slot orother receptacle in housing 40. That is, cartridge 42 of FIG. 4 mayinclude any suitable or removable memory device, such as read-onlymemory units (or other memory means such as battery-powered randomaccess memory) that store program instructions and/or data may adapthandheld microprocessor 12 for operation in modular microprocessor-basedpower device system. More specifically, when the instructions and/ordata of cartridge 42 are combined with program instructions and dataincluded in the internal memory circuits of handheld microprocessordevice 12, handheld microprocessor device 12 is programmed forprocessing and displaying power device operational information in themanner described below. In each case, the plurality of switches or keys(30, 32, 34, 36, and 38 in FIG. 4) are selectively operated to providesignals that result in pictorial and/or alphanumeric information beingdisplayed by display 28.

Various devices are known that meet the above-set forth description ofhandheld microprocessor device 12. For example, compact devices areavailable in which the plurality of keys allows alphanumeric entry andinternal memory can be provided for storing information such as names,addresses, phone numbers, and an appointment calendar. Small cartridgesor cards can be inserted in these devices to program the device forvarious purposes such as the playing of games, spreadsheet application,and foreign language translation sufficient for use in travel. Morerecently, less compact products that have more extensive computationalcapability and are generally called “palm top computers” have beenintroduced into the marketplace. These devices also can includeprovision for programming the device by way of an insertable card orcartridge. Alternatively, a handheld microprocessor device 12 can beprovided with an internal memory (not removable) containing thenecessary program instructions and/or data. An example of one suchhandheld microprocessor device is a mobile or cellular phone.

Certain embodiments of the invention are configured and arranged tooperate in conjunction with yet another type of handheld microprocessorunit. Specifically, in these embodiments of the invention, cartridge 42is electrically and physically compatible with commercially availablecompact video game systems, such as the system manufactured by Nintendoof America Inc. under the trademark “GAME BOY.” Configuring datamanagement device 10 and cartridge 42 for operation with a handheldvideo game system has several advantages. For example, the display ofsuch a device provides display resolution that allows the invention todisplay both multi-line alphanumeric information and graphical data. Inthis regard, the 160×144 pixel dot matrix-type liquid crystal displayscreen currently used in the above-referenced compact video game systemsprovides sufficient resolution for at least six lines of alphanumerictext, as well as allowing graphical representation of statistical datasuch as graphical representation of heat or vibration generated by thepower device 15.

Another advantage of providing handheld microprocessor device 12 in theform of a compact video game system is the relatively simple, yetversatile arrangement of switches that is provided by such a device. Forexample, as is indicated in FIG. 4, a compact video game system includesa control pad 30 that allows an object displayed on display 28 to bemoved in a selected direction (i.e., up-down or left-right). As also isindicated in FIG. 4, compact video game systems typically provide twopair of distinctly shaped push button switches. In the arrangement shownin FIG. 4, a pair of spaced-apart circular push button switches (36 and38) and a pair of elongate switches (32 and 34) are provided. Thefunctions performed by the two pairs of switches is dependent upon theprogram instructions contained in each cartridge 42. The deviceillustrated in FIG. 4 is but one commercially available device. Anycommercially available or proprietarily designed device having analternative arrangement of buttons may be used.

Yet another advantage of utilizing a compact video game system forhandheld microprocessor-based device 12 of FIG. 4 is the widespreadpopularity and low cost of such units. In this regard, manufacture andsale of a data management device 10, power device 15 with sensor 16 andcartridge 42 that operate in conjunction with a compactmicroprocessor-based video system allows the modularmicroprocessor-based power monitoring system of FIG. 4 to bemanufactured and sold at a lower cost than could be realized in anarrangement in which handheld device 12 is designed and manufacturedsolely for use in the system of FIG. 4.

Another advantage of utilizing a compact video game system for handheldmicroprocessor-based device 12 of FIG. 4 is that power devices areincreasingly being designed for children and used by children at home,as both toys and as child-versions of adult tools for construction andplay. Integrating educational instructions, monitoring and feedbackusing a game system enables the least skilled users of power devices togain an understanding of power consumption and conservation, as well asgain skills by learning to use tools for a variety of projects that canbe loaded into the data management device 10 from the network orinserted with a cartridge 42.

An even further advantage of using a compact video game system forhandheld microprocessor 12 is that such video game systems include meansfor easily establishing the electrical interconnection provided by cable14 in FIG. 4. In particular, such compact video game systems include aconnector mounted to the game device housing (40 in FIG. 4) and a cablethat can be connected between the connectors of two video game units toallow interactive operation of the two interconnected units (i.e., toallow contemporaneous game play by two players or competition betweenplayers as they individually play identical but separate games). Incertain embodiments of the invention, the “two-player” cable suppliedwith the compact video game device being used as handheld microprocessordevice 12 is used as cable 14 to establish serial data communicationbetween the handheld microprocessor device 12 (compact video gamesystem) and data management device 10. In these embodiments, the programinstructions stored on the memory of data management device 10 andcartridge 42 respectively program data management device 10 and thecompact video game system (i.e., handheld microprocessor device 12) forinteractive operation in which switches 30, 32, 34, 36 and 38 are usedto control the operation of data management device 10 (e.g., to select aparticular operational mode such as determining the optimal location ofa cut or the display of statistical test data and, in addition, tocontrol operation such as selection of an option during operation of thesystem in a particular operational mode). In each operational mode, datamanagement device 10 processes data in accordance with programinstructions stored in the memory circuits of data management device 10.Depending upon the operational mode selected by the user, data issupplied to data management device 10 by sensor 16, by additionalsensors (20 and 22 in FIG. 4) or any interconnected computers or dataprocessing facility (such as the hereinafter described user's computer48 and clearinghouse 54 of FIG. 4). During such operation, mode switches30, 32, 34, 36 and 38 are selectively activated so that signals areselectively coupled to the video game system (handheld microprocessordevice 12) and processed in accordance with program instructions storedin cartridge 42. The signal processing performed by handheldmicroprocessor device 12 results in the display of alphanumeric,symbolic, or graphic information on the video game display screen (i.e.,display 28 in FIG. 4), which allow the user to control system operationand obtain desired test results and other information.

With continued reference to FIG. 4, a data management device 10 of theinvention may include a data port 44 that allows communication betweendata management device 10 and a personal computer 48 (or otherprogrammable data processor). In certain embodiments of the invention,data port 44 is an RS-232 connection that allows serial datacommunication between data management device 10 and personal computer48. In the practice of the invention, personal computer 48 can be usedto supplement data management device 10 by, for example, performing morecomplex analyses of vibration and other data that has been supplied toand stored in the memory circuits of data management device 10.Alternatively, personal computer 48 can be used to supply data to datamanagement device 10 that is not conveniently supplied by using handheldmicroprocessor switches 30, 32, 34, 36 and 38 as an operator interfaceto the system shown in FIG. 4. For example, some embodiments of theinvention may employ a substantial amount of alphanumeric informationthat must be entered by the system user. Although it is possible toenter such data by using switches 30, 32, 34, 36 and 38 in conjunctionwith menus and selection screens displayed on display screen 28 of FIG.4, it may be more advantageous to use a device such as personal computer48 for entry of such data. However, if personal computer 48 is used inthis manner, some trade-off of system features may be required becausedata management device 10 must be temporarily interconnected withpersonal computer 48 during these operations. That is, some loss ofsystem mobility might result because a suitably programmed personalcomputer would be needed at each location at which data entry oranalysis is to occur.

As is indicated in FIG. 4, a data management device 10 of the inventionmay also include a modem 52 that allows data communication between datamanagement device 10 and a remote computing facility identified in FIG.4 as clearinghouse 54 via a conventional telephone line (indicated byreference numeral 50 in FIG. 4) or by a wireless network. The modem 52may be internal or external to the data management unit 10. As shall bedescribed in more detail, clearinghouse computing facility 54facilitates communication between a user of the system shown in FIG. 4and professional service provider and can provide additional servicessuch as updating system software. As is indicated by facsimile machine55 of FIG. 4, one optional function of clearinghouse 54 is providing theprofessional service provider with standardized reports 56, whichindicate both the current condition and condition trends of the systemuser. Although a single facsimile machine 55 is shown in FIG. 4, it willbe recognized that numerous service providers (and hence facsimilemachine 55) can be connected in signal communication with aclearinghouse 54.

Regardless of whether a compact video game system, another type ofcommercially available handheld microprocessor-based unit, a speciallydesigned microprocessor device, or a microprocessor device integral withthe power device 15, is used, embodiments of a modularmicroprocessor-based power monitoring system according to the presentinvention: (a) adapts a microprocessor device for displayinginstructions for performing the monitoring and/or controlling a powerdevice 15; (b) adapts a microprocessor device for displaying(graphically or alphanumerically) statistical data such as power usageor cost of power used; (c) adapts a microprocessor device for supplyingcontrol signals, signals representative room temperature, humidity, orother useful information, optionally to data management device 10; and,(d) adapts a microprocessor device for displaying information orinstructions from a service provider that may be coupled to datamanagement device 10 from a clearinghouse 54. The manner in which thearrangements of the present invention implement the above-mentionedfunctions and others can be better understood with reference to theillustrative embodiments of FIGS. 5 and 6.

Referring first to FIG. 5, clearinghouse 54 receives data from one ormore modular microprocessor-based power devices 15 of the type shown inFIG. 4. The data supplied to clearinghouse 54 by each individual modularmicroprocessor-based power device 15 may comprise “raw data,” i.e., aparameter associated with the operation of the power devices 15 andrelated data that may be stored in memory circuits of the microprocessordevice or a data management device 10, without further processing. Forexample, with respect to the arrangement shown in FIG. 4, power use andassociated data such as room temperature and other such conditions aretransmitted to clearinghouse 54 and stored with a digitally encodedsignal that identifies both the source of the information (i.e., thepower device) and those having access to the stored information (i.e.,the system user's service providers).

As shall be recognized upon understanding the manner in which itoperates, clearinghouse 54 can be considered to be a central server forthe various system users and each service provider 60. In that regard,clearinghouse 54 includes conventionally arranged and interconnecteddigital processing equipment (represented in FIG. 5 by digital signalprocessor 57) which receives digitally encoded information from a useror service provider 60; processes the information as required; storesthe information (processed or unprocessed) in memory if necessary; and,transmits the information to an intended recipient (i.e., user orservice provider 60).

In FIG. 5, rectangular outline 60 represents one of numerous remotelylocated service providers who can utilize clearinghouse 54 and thearrangement described relative to FIGS. 1 and 2 in monitoring andcontrolling power device programs. Shown within outline 60 is a computer62 (e.g., personal computer), which is coupled to clearinghouse 54 bymeans of a modem (not shown in FIG. 2) and a telephone line 64 orwireless network (not shown). Also shown in FIG. 5 is the previouslymentioned facsimile machine 55, which is coupled to clearinghouse 54 bymeans of a second telephone line 68 or wireless network (not shown).Using the interface device of computer 62 (e.g., a keyboard or pointingdevice such as a mouse), the service provider can establish datacommunication between computer 62 and clearinghouse 54. Once datacommunication is established between computer 62 and clearinghouse 54,power device information can be obtained from clearinghouse 54 in amanner similar to the manner in which subscribers to various databaseservices access and obtain information. In particular, the serviceprovider can transmit an authorization code to clearinghouse 54 thatidentifies the service provider as an authorized user of theclearinghouse and, in addition, can transmit a signal representing thepower device for which power device information is being sought. As isthe case with conventional database services and other arrangements, theidentifying data is keyed into computer 62 by means of a conventionalkeyboard (not shown in FIG. 5) in response to prompts that are generatedat clearinghouse 54 for display by the display of computer 62 (not shownin FIG. 5).

Depending upon the hardware and software arrangement of clearinghouse 54and selections made by the service provider via computer 62, powerdevice information can be provided to the service provider in differentways. For example, computer 62 can be operated to access data in theform that it is stored in the memory circuits of clearinghouse 54 (i.e.,raw data that has not been processed or altered by the computational ordata processing arrangements of clearinghouse 54). Such data can beprocessed, analyzed, printed and/or displayed by computer 62 usingcommercially available or custom software. On the other hand, varioustypes of analyses may be performed by clearinghouse 54 with the resultsof the analyses being transmitted to the remotely located serviceprovider 60 and/or system user. For example, clearinghouse 54 canprocess and analyze data in a manner identical to the processing andanalysis provided by the power monitoring system of FIG. 5. With respectto such processing and any other analysis and processing provided byclearinghouse 54, results expressed in alphanumeric format can be sentto computer 62 via telephone line 64 and the modem associated withcomputer 62, with conventional techniques being used for displayingand/or printing the alphanumeric material for subsequent reference.

The arrangement of FIG. 5 also represents one possible arrangement thatallows the service provider to send messages and/or instructions to eachpower device 15 via computer 62, telephone line 64, and clearinghouse54. The messages may be educational or may include feedback to the useras to how the power device is performing. In particular, clearinghouse54 can be programmed to generate a menu that is displayed by computer 62and allows the service provider to select a mode of operation in whichinformation is to be sent to clearinghouse 54 for subsequenttransmission to a user of the system described relative to FIGS. 1-4.This same menu (or related submenus) can be used by the service providerto select one or more modes of operation of the above-described type inwhich either unmodified power device data or the results of data thathas been analyzed by clearinghouse 54 is provided to the serviceprovider via computer 62 and/or facsimile machine 55.

In the contemplated embodiments of the present invention the user of thepower device 15 can be provided with messages or instructions onmodifying the settings of the power device 15. Transmitting messages issimilar to the operation that allows the service provider to access datasent by a power device, i.e., transmitted to clearinghouse 54. Theprocess differs in that the service provider 60 enters or selects thedesired message or instruction via the keyboard or other interfacedevice of computer 62. Once the message or instruction is entered andtransmitted to clearinghouse 54, it is stored for subsequenttransmission to the user for whom the information or instruction isintended. It should be understood that it is within the scope of thepresent invention that such messages or instructions can compromise anumber of standard pre-composed messages or instructions that can bemanually entered or automatically selected from a menu or list. Thesestandard messages or instructions can optionally be selected based, atleast in part, on the data collected from the power device 15. If, forexample, the power device is a home power tool used for home improvementprojects, then education or project management information can be sentbased on the project design, the design parameters and the scalingfactors or a materials and cut list may be generated for the end user.Based on the equipment and materials, settings are set to server and arethen transmitted directly to the power device 15 or via the handheldmicroprocessor unit 12 and/or the data management device 10.

With respect to transmitting stored messages or instructions to a userof the invention, at least two techniques are available. The firsttechnique is based upon the manner in which operational modes areselected in the practice of the invention. Specifically, in certainembodiments of the invention, program instructions that are stored inmemory cause the system to generate menu screens that are displayed. Themenu screens allow the system user to select the basic mode in which thesystem of is to operate and, in addition, allow the user to selectoperational subcategories within the selected mode of operation. Varioustechniques are known to those skilled in the art for displaying andselecting menu items. For example, in the practice of this invention,one or more main menus can be generated and displayed which allow thesystem user to select operational modes that may include: (a) a monitormode (e.g., monitoring of heat generation); (b) a display mode (e.g.,displaying previously obtained heat generation results, the servicerecord, or other relevant information); (c) an input mode (e.g., a modefor entering data such as providing information that relates to powersettings and user preferences; and, (d) a communications mode (forestablishing a communication link with a remote computing facility suchas clearinghouse 54 of FIG. 4).

In embodiments of the invention that employ a compact video game systemfor a handheld microprocessor device 12, the selection of menu screensand the selection of menu screen items preferably can be accomplished insubstantially the same manner as menu screens and menu items areselected during the playing of a video game. For example, the programinstructions stored in data management device 10 and cartridge 42 of thearrangement of FIG. 4 can be established so that a predetermined one ofthe compact video game switches (e.g., switch 32 in FIG. 4) allows thesystem user to select a desired main menu in the event that multiplemain menus are employed. When the desired main menu is displayed,operation by the user of control pad 30 allows a cursor or otherindicator that is displayed on the menu to be positioned adjacent to orover the menu item to be selected. Activation of a switch (e.g., switch36 of the depicted handheld microprocessor device 12) causes thehandheld microprocessor device 12 and/or data management device 10 toinitiate the selected operational mode or, if selection of operationalsubmodes is required, causes handheld microprocessor device 12 todisplay a submenu.

In view of the above-described manner in which menus and submenus areselected and displayed, it can be recognized that arrangements, of thepresent invention can be configured and arranged to display a menu orsubmenu item that allows the user to obtain and display messages orinstructions that have been provided by a service provider and stored inclearinghouse 54. For example, a submenu that is generated uponselection of the previously mentioned communications mode can includesubmenu items that allow the user to select various communication modes,including a mode in which serial data communication is established withclearinghouse 54, and a message status request is transmitted toclearinghouse 54. When this technique is used, the data processingsystem of clearinghouse 54 is programmed to search the clearinghousememory to determine whether a message exists for the user making therequest. Any messages stored in memory for that user are thentransmitted to the user and processed for display or other outputdevice. If no messages exist, clearinghouse 54 transmits a signal thatcauses the display or other output device to indicate “no messages.” Inthis arrangement, clearinghouse 54 preferably is programmed to store asignal indicating that a stored message has been transmitted to theintended recipient (user). Storing such a signal allows the serviceprovider to determine that messages sent to clearinghouse 54 forforwarding to a power device user have been transmitted to that powerdevice user. In addition, program instructions allow the system user todesignate whether received messages and instructions are to be stored inthe memory for subsequent retrieval or review. In addition, in someinstances it may be desirable to program clearinghouse 54 so that theservice provider can designate (i.e., flag) information such as changesin operating conditions that will be prominently displayed to the user(e.g., accompanied by a blinking indicator) and stored in the memoryregardless of whether the system user designates the information forstorage.

A second technique that can be used for forwarding messages orinstructions to a user does not require the system user to select a menuitem requesting transmission by clearinghouse 54 of messages that havebeen stored for forwarding to that user. In particular, clearinghouse 54can be programmed to operate in a manner that either automaticallytransmits stored messages for that user when the user operates thesystem or programmed to operate in a manner that informs the user thatmessages are available and allows the user to access the messages whenhe or she chooses to do so.

Practicing the invention in an environment in which the service provideruses a personal computer in some or all of the above-discussed ways canbe very advantageous. On the other hand, the invention may also provideservice providers timely information about system users without the needfor a computer or any equipment other than a conventional facsimilemachine (55 in FIGS. 4 and 5), or similar output device capable ofreceiving signals over a wired or wireless network, and presenting theinformation to the service provider. For example, information providedto clearinghouse 54 by a system user 15 can be sent to a serviceprovider 60 via telephone line 68 and facsimile machine 55, with theinformation being formatted as a standardized graphic or textual report(56 in FIG. 4). Formatting a standardized report 56 (i.e., analyzing andprocessing data supplied by power device 16 or other system monitor orsensor) can be effected either by data management device 10 or withinthe clearinghouse facility 54. Moreover, various standardized reportscan be provided. Preferably, the signal processing arrangement includedin clearinghouse 54 allows each service provider 60 to select which ofseveral standardized reports will be routinely transmitted to theservice providers' facsimile machine 55 or other output device, and, todo so on a power device-by-power device (user-by-user) basis.

FIG. 6 illustrates one embodiment of a manner in which various systemcomponents are arranged and interconnected with other system componentsfor affecting the above-described operational aspects of the invention.As is symbolically indicated in FIG. 6, microprocessor device 12 andpower device 15 are electrically connected to a dual universalasynchronous receiver transmitter 70 (by any suitable means such ascables 14 and 18). As also is indicated in FIG. 4 when a system userconnects a personal computer 48 (or other programmable digital signalprocessor) to data port 44, signal communication is established betweenpersonal computer 48 and a second dual universal asynchronous receivertransmitter 72. Additionally, dual universal asynchronous receivertransmitter 72 is coupled to a communications device such as a modem 46so that data communication can be established with a remoteclearinghouse 54.

One embodiment includes a plurality of signal sensors 74, with at leastone individual signal sensor being associated with each power device. Aspreviously discussed, and as is indicated in FIG. 6, these devices mayinclude handheld microprocessor device 12, power device 15, personalcomputer 48, remote computing facility 54 and, in addition, otheradditional power devices 15. Each signal sensor 74 is electricallyconnected for receiving a signal that will be present when the devicewith which that particular signal sensor is associated therewith and, inaddition, is energized (e.g., turned on). For example, in previouslymentioned embodiments of the invention in which data port 44 is anRS-232 connection, the signal sensor 74 that is associated with personalcomputer 48 can be connected to an RS-232 terminal that is suppliedpower when a personal computer is connected to data port 44 and thepersonal computer is turned on. In a similar manner, the signal sensor74 that is associated with clearinghouse 54 can be connected to modem 46so that the signal sensor 74 receives an electrical signal when modem 46is interconnected to a remote computing facility (e.g., clearinghouse 54of FIG. 5) via a telephone line 50.

In the arrangement of FIG. 6, each signal sensor 74 is preferably a lowpower switch circuit (e.g., a metal-oxide semiconductor field-effecttransistor circuit), which automatically energizes data managementdevice 10 whenever any one (or more) of the devices are associated withsignal sensors 74 and is energized. Thus, as is indicated in FIG. 6 bysignal path 76, each signal sensor 74 is interconnected with powersupply 78, which supplies operating current and typically consists ofone or more small batteries (e.g., three AAA alkaline cells).

The microprocessor and other conventional circuitry that enablesprocessing system signals in accordance with stored program instructionsis indicated in FIG. 6 by a programmable microprocessor or centralprocessing device (CPU) 80. As is indicated in FIG. 6 by interconnection82 between CPU 80 and battery 78, CPU 80 receives operating current frompower supply 78, with power being provided only when one or more of thesignal sensors 74 are activated in the previously described manner. Aclock/calendar circuit 84 is connected to CPU 80 (via signal path 86 inFIG. 6) to allow time and date tagging of service tests and otherinformation. Although not specifically shown in FIG. 6, operating poweris supplied to clock/calendar 84 at all times.

In operation, CPU 80 receives and sends signals via a data bus(indicated by signal path 88 in FIG. 6), which interconnects CPU 80 withdual universal asynchronous receiver transmitters 70 and 72. The databus 88 also interconnects CPU 80 with memory circuits, which, in thedepicted embodiment, include a system read-only memory (ROM) 90, aprogram random access memory (RAM) 92, and an electronically erasableread-only memory (EEROM) 94. System ROM 90 can store programinstructions and any data required for programming. During operation ofthe system, program RAM 92 provides memory space that allows CPU 80 tocarry out various operations that are required for sequencing andcontrolling the operation of the system. In addition, RAM 92 can providememory space that allows external programs (e.g., programs provided byclearinghouse 54) to be stored and executed. EEROM 94 allows testresults and other data information to be stored and preserved until theinformation is no longer needed (i.e., until purposely erased byoperating the system to provide an appropriate erase signal to EEROM94).

In other embodiments of the invention, all or a portion of the functionsand operations attributed to data management device 10 and/or handheldmicroprocessor device 12 can be performed by components or mechanismssuch as a microprocessor located in the power device 15. In addition,the power device 15 may include microprocessor circuitry for generatingvisual display signals and signals representative of both current andpast values of sensed parameters or even the service record of the powerdevice 15. Conventional programming and design techniques can beemployed to adapt commercially available units for the performance ofthe various functions and operations of data management device 10 and/orthe handheld device 12. In arrangements in which the power device 15includes a microprocessor that is programmed to provide signalprocessing in the above-described manner, the invention can use a signalinterface device similar to those described above. That is, dependingupon the amount of signal processing effected by the power device andthe amount of signal processing performed by a microprocessor ofprogrammable handheld device 12 (if present), the signal interfacerequired ranges from a conventional cable (e.g., interconnection ofRS232 ports) to an arrangement in which signal communication is providedwith an internal or external modem, or an arrangement in which thesignal interface provides only a portion of the signal processingdescribed relative to FIGS. 4-5. Further, in another aspect of thisembodiment of the invention, the display may also be integrated into thepower device 15.

The invention also is capable of transmitting information to a remotelocation (e.g., clearinghouse 54 and/or a remotely located serviceprovider) by means other than conventional telephone lines. For example,a modem that is configured for use with a cellular telephone system canbe employed to transmit the signals provided by the modularmicroprocessor-based power monitoring system to a remote location viamodulated RF transmission. Moreover, the invention can be employed withvarious digital networks such as recently developed interactive voice,video and data systems such as television systems in which a televisionand user interface apparatus is interactively coupled to a remotelocation via coaxial or fiberoptic cable and other transmission media.

Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 7-17.Referring to FIG. 7, a networked system 216 includes a server 218 and aworkstation 220 connected to server 218 through a communication network224. Server 218 is preferably a world wide web server and communicationnetwork 224 is preferably the Internet. It will be apparent to oneskilled in the art that server 218 may comprise a single stand-alonecomputer or multiple computers distributed throughout a network.Workstation 220 is preferably a personal computer, remote terminal, orweb TV device connected to server 218 via the Internet. Workstation 220functions as a remote interface for entering or selecting in server 218messages and queries to be communicated to the power devices.

System 216 may also include first and second remotely programmableapparatuses 226 and 232 for use with first and second power devices,respectively. Each apparatus 226/232 is designed to interact with apower device in accordance with script programs received from server218. Each apparatus 226/232 is in communication with server 218 throughcommunication network 224, preferably the Internet. Alternatively, eachapparatus 226/232 may be placed in communication with server 218 viawireless communication networks, cellular networks, telephone networks,or any other network which allows each apparatus 226/232 to exchangedata with server 218. For clarity of illustration, only two apparatuses226 and 232 are shown in FIG. 7. It is to be understood that system 216may include any number of remotely programmable apparatuses formonitoring any number of power devices.

In one embodiment, each power device to be monitored is also providedwith a sensor 228. Sensor 228 is designed to produce measurements of aparameter associated with the operation of the power device, record themeasurements, and transmit the measurements to the remotely programmableapparatus 226/232 through a standard connection cable 230 as describedabove. Alternatively, measurements can be transmitted to the apparatus226/232 via a wireless interface or transmission media. Examples ofsuitable sensors 228 include room temperature, power consumption, andhumidity. Such sensors 228 are well known in the art. The specific typeof sensor 228 provided to each power device is dependent upon the use ofthe device. For example, a humidity sensor may be supplied with an airconditioning unit to aid the operator in determining if the airconditioner should be further operated to remove excess moisture fromthe air.

FIG. 8 shows server 218, workstation 220, and apparatus 226 in greaterdetail. Server 218 includes a database 238 for storing script programs240. Script programs 240 are executed by each apparatus e.g., 226/232,to communicate queries and messages to a power device operator, receiveresponses 242 to the queries, collect measurements 244, and to transmitresponses 242 and measurements 244 to server 218. Database 238 isdesigned to store responses 242 and measurements 244. Database 238further includes a look-up table 246. Table 246 contains a list of thepower devices to be monitored, and for each power device, a unique powerdevice identification code and a respective pointer to the scriptprogram assigned to the power device. Each remotely programmableapparatus, e.g., 226/232, is designed to execute assigned scriptprograms 240 received from server 218.

FIGS. 9-10 show an exemplary structure of each remotely programmableapparatus according to one embodiment. For clarity, only remotelyprogrammable apparatus 226 is shown since each remotely programmableapparatus of this embodiment can be substantially identical structure toapparatus 226. Referring to FIG. 9, apparatus 226 includes a housing262. Housing 262 is sufficiently compact to enable apparatus 226 to behand-held and carried by a power device operator. Apparatus 226 alsoincludes a display 264 for displaying queries and prompts to the powerdevice operator. In one embodiment, display 264 is a liquid crystaldisplay (LCD).

Four user input buttons 270A, 270B, 270C, and 270D are located adjacentdisplay 264. User input buttons 270A-D are for entering in apparatus 226responses 242 to the queries and prompts. In the preferred embodiment,user input buttons 270A-D are momentary contact push buttons. Inalternative embodiments, user input buttons 270A-D may be replaced byswitches, keys, a touch sensitive display screen, or any other datainput device.

Three monitoring device jacks 268A, 268B, and 268C are located on asurface of housing 262. Device jacks 268A-C are for connecting apparatus226 to a number of sensors 228. Apparatus 226 also includes a modem jack266 for connecting apparatus 226 to a telephone jack through a standardconnection cord (not shown). Apparatus 226 further includes a visualindicator, such as a light emitting diode (LED) 274. LED 274 is forvisually notifying the power device operator that he or she hasunanswered queries stored in apparatus 226.

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram illustrating the components ofapparatus 226 in greater detail. Apparatus 226 includes a microprocessor276 and a memory 280 connected to microprocessor 276. Memory 280 ispreferably a non-volatile memory, such as a serial EEPROM. Memory 280stores script programs 240 received from server 218, measurements 244received from sensor 228, responses 242 to queries, and the powerdevice's unique identification code. Microprocessor 276 also includesbuilt-in read only memory (ROM) which stores firmware for controllingthe operation of apparatus 226. The firmware includes a scriptinterpreter used by microprocessor 276 to execute script programs 240.The script interpreter interprets script commands which are executed bymicroprocessor 276. Specific techniques for interpreting and executingscript commands in this manner are well known in the art.

Microprocessor 276 is preferably connected to memory 280 using astandard two-wire I²C interface. Microprocessor 276 is also connected touser input buttons 270, LED 274, a clock 284, and a display driver 282.Clock 284 indicates the current date and time to microprocessor 276. Forclarity of illustration, clock 284 is shown as a separate component, butis preferably built into microprocessor 276. Display driver 282 operatesunder the control of microprocessor 276 to display information ondisplay 264. Microprocessor 276 is preferably a PIC 16C65 processorwhich includes a universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART) 278.UART 278 is for communicating with a modem 286 and a device interface290. A CMOS switch 288 under the control of microprocessor 276alternately connects modem 286 and interface 290 to UART 278.

Modem 286 is connected to a telephone jack 222 through modem jack 266.Modem 286 is for exchanging data with server 218 through communicationnetwork 224. The data includes script programs 240 which are receivedfrom server 218 as well as responses 242 to queries, device measurements244, script identification codes, and the power device's uniqueidentification code which modem 286 transmits to server 218. Anysuitable modem may be used.

Device interface 290 is connected to device jacks 268A, 268B, and 268C.Device interface 290 is for interfacing with a number of sensors 228,through device jacks 268A-C. Device interface 290 operates under thecontrol of microprocessor 276 to collect measurements 244 from sensors228 and to output the measurements to microprocessor 276 for storage inmemory 280. In one embodiment, interface 290 is a standard RS232interface. For simplicity of illustration, only one device interface 290is shown in FIG. 10. However, in alternative embodiments, apparatus 226may include multiple device interfaces to accommodate sensors 228 whichhave different connection standards.

Referring again to FIG. 8, server 218 includes a monitoring application248. Monitoring application 248 is a controlling software applicationexecuted by server 218 to perform the various functions described below.Application 248 includes a script generator 250, a script assignor 252,and a report generator 254. Script generator 250 is designed to generatescript programs 240 from script information entered through workstation220. The script information is entered through a script entry screen256. In the preferred embodiment, script entry screen 256 is implementedas a web page on server 218. Workstation 220 includes a web browser foraccessing the web page to enter the script information.

FIG. 11 illustrates one embodiment of a script entry screen 256 as itappears on workstation 220. Screen 256 includes a script name field 292for specifying the name of a script program to be generated. Screen 256also includes entry fields 294 for entering a set of queries to beanswered by a power device operator. Each entry field 294 hascorresponding response choice fields 296 for entering response choicesfor the query. Screen 256 further includes check boxes 298 for selectinga desired power device or sensor 228 from which to collect measurements244.

Screen 256 additionally includes a connection time field 400 forspecifying a prescribed connection time at which each apparatus 226executing the script is to establish a subsequent communication link toserver 218. The connection time is preferably selected to be the time atwhich communication rates are the lowest, such as 3:00 AM. Screen 256also includes a CREATE SCRIPT button 402 for instructing scriptgenerator 250 to generate a script program 240 from the informationentered in screen 256. Screen 256 further includes a CANCEL button 404for canceling the information entered in screen 256.

In one embodiment, each script program 240 created by script generator250 conforms to the standard file format used on UNIX systems. In thestandard file format, each command is listed in the upper case andfollowed by a colon. Every line in the script program 240 is terminatedby a linefeed character {LF}, and only one command is placed on eachline. The last character in the script program 240 is a UNIX end of filecharacter {EOF}. Table 1 shows an exemplary listing of script commandsused in the preferred embodiment of the invention.

TABLE 1 SCRIPT COMMANDS Command Description CLS: {LF} Clear the display.ZAP: {LF} Erase from memory the last set of query responses recorded.LED: b{LF} Turn the LED on or off, where b is a binary digit of 0 or 1.An argument of 1 turns on the LED, and an argument of 0 turns off theLED. DISPLAY: Display the text following the DISPLAY command.{chars}{LF} INPUT: mmmm Record a button press. The m's represent abutton {LF} mask pattern for each of the four input buttons. Each mcontains an “X” for disallowed buttons or an “0” for allowed buttons.For example, INPUT: 0X0X{LF} allows the user to press either button #1or #3. WAIT: {LF} Wait for any one button to be pressed, then continueexecuting the script program. COLLECT: Collect measurements from themonitoring device device{LF} specified in the COLLECT command. The useris preferably prompted to connect the specified monitoring device to theapparatus and press a button to continue. NUMBER: Assign a scriptidentification code to the script aaaa{LF} program. The scriptidentification code from the most recently executed NUMBER statement issubsequently transmitted to the server along with the query responsesand device measurements. The script identification code identifies tothe server which script program was most recently executed by the remoteapparatus. DELAY: t{LF} Wait until time t specified in the DELAYcommand, usually the prescribed connection time. CONNECT: Perform aconnection routine to establish a {LF} communication link to the server,transmit the patient identification code, query responses, devicemeasurements, and script identification code to the server, and receiveand store a new script program. When the server instructs the apparatusto disconnect, the script interpreter is restarted, allowing the newscript program to execute.

The script commands illustrated in Table 1 are representative of oneembodiment and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.After consideration of the ensuing description, it will be apparent toone skilled in the art many other suitable scripting languages and setsof script commands may be used to implement the invention.

The script program 240 includes display commands to display the queriesand response choices entered in fields 294 and 296, respectively. Thescript program 240 also includes input commands to receive responses 242to the queries. The script program 240 further includes a collectcommand to collect device measurements 244 from the sensor 228 specifiedin check boxes 298. The script program 240 also includes commands toestablish a subsequent communication link to server 218 at theconnection time specified in field 400 FIG. 11. The steps included inthe script program 240 are also shown in the flow chart of FIGS. 17A-17Band will be discussed in the operation section below.

Referring again to FIG. 8, script assignor 252 is for assigning scriptprograms 240 to the power devices. Script programs 240 are assigned inaccordance with script assignment information entered throughworkstation 220. The script assignment information is entered through ascript assignment screen 257, which is preferably implemented as a webpage on server 218.

FIG. 12 illustrates one embodiment of a sample script assignment screen257 as it appears on workstation 220. Screen 257 includes check boxes406 for selecting a script program 240 to be assigned, and check boxes408 for selecting the power devices to which the script program is to beassigned. Screen 257 also includes an ASSIGN SCRIPT button 512 forentering the assignments. When button 412 is pressed, script assignor252 creates and stores for each power device selected in check boxes 408a respective pointer to the script program 240 selected in check boxes406. Each pointer is stored in the power device look-up table 246 ofdatabase 238. Screen 257 further includes an ADD SCRIPT button 410 foraccessing the script entry screen and a DELETE SCRIPT button 414 fordeleting a script program 240. In another aspect of this embodiment ofthe invention, the power device may be uniquely associated with thepurchaser or user of the power device.

Referring again to FIG. 8, report generator 254 is designed to generatea power device report 258 from responses 242 and device measurements 244received in server 218. Power device report 258 is displayed onworkstation 220. FIG. 15 shows a sample power device report 258 producedby report generator 254 for a selected power device. Power device report258 includes a graph 416 of the device measurements 244 received fromthe power device, as well as a listing of responses 242 received fromthe power device operator. Specific techniques for writing a reportgenerator program to display data in this manner are well known in theart.

The operation of one embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 16. FIG. 16 is aflow chart illustrating steps included in the monitoring applicationexecuted by server 218. In step 502, server 218 determines if new scriptinformation has been entered through script entry screen 256. If newscript information has not been entered, server 218 proceeds to step506. If new script information has been entered, server 218 proceeds tostep 504.

As shown in FIG. 11, the script information includes a set of queries,and for each of the queries, corresponding response choices. The scriptinformation also includes a selected monitoring device type from whichto collect device measurements 44. The script information furtherincludes a prescribed connection time for each apparatus to establish asubsequent communication link to server 18. The script information isgenerally entered in server 218 by a service. Of course, any persondesiring to communicate with the power device operator may also begranted access to server 218 to create and assign script programs 40.Further, it is to be understood that system 216 may include any numberof remote interfaces for entering script generation and scriptassignment information in server 218.

In step 504, script generator 250 generates a script program from theinformation entered in screen 256. The script program is stored indatabase 238. Steps 502 and 504 are preferably repeated to generatemultiple script programs, e.g. a script program for each power device.Each script program corresponds to a respective one of the sets ofqueries entered through script entry screen 256. Following step 504,server 218 proceeds to step 506.

In step 506, server 218 determines if new script assignment informationhas been entered through assignment screen 257. If new script assignmentinformation has not been entered, server 218 proceeds to step 510. Ifnew script assignment information has been entered, server 218 proceedsto step 508. As shown in FIG. 12 the script programs are assigned toeach power device by selecting a script program through check boxes 506,selecting the power devices to whom the selected script program is to beassigned through check boxes 408, and pressing the ASSIGN SCRIPT button412. When button 412 is pressed, script assignor 252 creates for eachpower device selected in check boxes 408 a respective pointer to thescript program selected in check boxes 406. In step 508, each pointer isstored in look-up table 246 of database 238. Following step 508, server218 proceeds to step 510.

In step 510, server 218 determines if any of the apparatuses areremotely connected to the server. Each power device operator to bemonitored is preferably provided with his or her own remotelyprogrammable apparatus which has the power device's uniqueidentification code stored therein. Each power device is thus uniquelyassociated with a respective one of the apparatuses. If none of theapparatuses is connected, server 218 proceeds to step 520.

If an apparatus is connected, server 218 receives from the apparatus thepower device's unique identification code in step 512. In step 514,server 218 receives from the apparatus the query responses 242, devicemeasurements 244, and script identification code recorded duringexecution of a previously assigned script program. The scriptidentification code identifies to server 218 which script program wasexecuted by the apparatus to record the query responses 242 and devicemeasurements 244. The responses, device measurements, and scriptidentification code are stored in database 238.

In step 516, server 218 uses the power device identification code toretrieve from table 246 the pointer to the script program assigned tothe power device. Server 218 then retrieves the assigned script programfrom database 238. In step 518, server 218 transmits the assigned scriptprogram to the power device's remotely programmable apparatus throughcommunication network 224. Following step 518, server 218 proceeds tostep 520.

In step 520, server 218 determines if a power device report request hasbeen received from workstation 220. If no report request has beenreceived, server 218 returns to step 502. If a report request has beenreceived for a selected power device, server 218 retrieves from database238 the measurements 244 and query responses 242 last received from thepower device, step 522. In step 524, server 218 generates and displayspower device report 258 on workstation 220. As shown in FIG. 15, report258 includes the device measurements 244 and query responses 242 lastreceived from the power device. Following step 524, server 218 returnsto step 502.

FIG. 17 illustrate the steps included in the script program executed byapparatus 226. Before the script program is received, apparatus 226 isinitially programmed with the power device's unique identification codeand the script interpreter used by microprocessor 276 to execute thescript program. The initial programming may be achieved duringmanufacture or during an initial connection to server 218. Followinginitial programming, apparatus 226 receives from server 218 the scriptprogram assigned to the power device associated with apparatus 226. Thescript program is received by modem 286 through a first communicationlink and stored in memory 280.

In step 602, microprocessor 276 assigns a script identification code tothe script program and stores the script identification code in memory280. The script identification code is subsequently transmitted toserver 218 along with the query responses 242 and device measurements244 to identify to server 218 which script program was most recentlyexecuted by apparatus 226. In step 604, microprocessor 276 lights LED274 to notify the power device that he or she has unanswered queriesstored in apparatus 226. LED 274 preferably remains lit until thequeries are answered by the power device. In step 606, microprocessor276 erases from memory 280 the last set of query responses recorded.

In step 608, microprocessor 276 prompts the power device by displayingon display 264 “ANSWER QUERIES NOW? PRESS ANY BUTTON TO START”. In step610, microprocessor 276 waits until a reply to the prompt is receivedfrom the power device operator. When a reply is received, microprocessor276 proceeds to step 612. In step 612, microprocessor 276 executessuccessive display and input commands to display the queries andresponse choices on display 264 and to receive responses to the queries.

In steps 614-618, microprocessor 276 executes commands to collect devicemeasurements 244 from a selected sensor 228. The script programspecifies the selected sensor 228 from which to collect themeasurements. In step 614, microprocessor 276 prompts the power deviceto connect the selected sensor 228. A sample prompt is shown in FIG. 14.In step 616, microprocessor 276 waits until a reply to the prompt isreceived from the power device. When a reply is received, microprocessor276 proceeds to step 618. Microprocessor 276 also connects UART 278 tointerface 290 through switch 288. In step 618, microprocessor 276collects device measurements 244 from sensor 228 through interface 290measurements 244 are stored in memory 280.

In step 620, microprocessor 276 prompts the power device to connectapparatus 226 to telephone jack 222 so that apparatus 226 may connect toserver 218 at the prescribed connection time. In step 622,microprocessor 276 waits until a reply to the prompt is received fromthe power device. When a reply is received, microprocessor 276 turns offLED 274 in step 624. In step 626, microprocessor 276 waits until it istime to connect to server 218. Microprocessor 276 compares theconnection time specified in the script program to the current timeoutput by clock 284. When it is time to connect, microprocessor 276connects UART 278 to modem 286 through switch 288.

In step 628, microprocessor 276 establishes a subsequent communicationlink between apparatus 226 and server 218 through modem 286 andcommunication network 224. If the connection fails for any reason,microprocessor 276 repeats step 628 to get a successful connection. Instep 630, microprocessor 276 transmits the device measurements 244,query responses 242, script identification code, and power deviceidentification code stored in memory 280 to server 218 through thesubsequent communication link. In step 632, microprocessor 276 receivesthrough modem 286 a new script program from server 218. The new scriptprogram is stored in memory 280 for subsequent execution bymicroprocessor 276. Following step 632, the script program ends.

It should be understood that all or a portion of the operations andfunctionality of unit 226 may be performed by power device 15 by theincorporation of some or all of the above-described components into thepower device 15.

The present invention provides many advantages. For example, the sensorsbuilt into the power devices allow remote monitoring or powerconsumption. With the present invention, the user can input preferencesfor power devices to be turned down or off in case of a power shortage.An additional advantage is that instructions can be sent to the consumerfrom a remote expert leading to increased energy efficiency. Further,the consumer can be supplied with educational and advertising materials.Additionally, valuable historical power usage data can be gathered toaid the consumer and power utilities in planning for future powershortages.

While this invention is satisfied by embodiments in many differentforms, as described in detail in connection with preferred embodimentsof the invention, it is understood that the present disclosure is to beconsidered as exemplary of the principles of the invention and is notintended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments illustratedand described herein. Numerous variations may be made by persons skilledin the art without departure from the spirit of the invention. The scopeof the invention will be measured by the appended claims and theirequivalents. The abstract and the title are not to be construed aslimiting the scope of the present invention, as their purpose is toenable the appropriate authorities, as well as the general public, toquickly determine the general nature of the invention. In the claimsthat follow, unless the term “means” is used, none of the features orelements recited therein should be construed as means-plus-functionlimitations pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §112, ¶6.

1. A system for monitoring and managing power usage by at least onepower consumer, the system comprising: an apparatus comprising (i) aprogrammable microprocessor, (ii) at least one input mechanism, (iii) afirst memory having program instructions and (iv) a display; at leastone power device separate from the apparatus and having at least onesensor associated therewith, the sensor being operable to (i) monitorelectrical current or power consumption associated with operation of thepower device and (ii) produce one or more signals carrying usage datarepresentative of the monitored electrical current or power consumed; aserver remotely located from the apparatus and the power device; and atransceiver device connectable in signal communication with both theprogrammable microprocessor and the sensor, wherein the programinstructions are executable by the programmable microprocessor to, (i)cause first information stored in the first memory to be presented tothe power consumer on the display, wherein the first informationcomprises a plurality of queries, (ii) collect consumer data from aninteraction of the power consumer with the input mechanism in responseto the queries on the display and store the consumer data in the firstmemory, (iii) collect the usage data from the sensor via the transceiverdevice and store the usage data in the first memory, (iv) cause theusage data and the consumer data to be transmitted via a communicationchannel to the server, wherein the server generates second informationbased on the consumer data and the usage data, (v) cause secondinformation to be received via the communication channel from theserver, wherein the second information facilitates changes in the powerconsumer's behavior through consumer education and/or feedback, and (vi)cause the second information to be presented to the power consumer onthe display.
 2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a consumerprofile of the power consumer stored on the server.
 3. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the second information transmitted from the server tothe apparatus comprises recommendations on saving power through changingpower usage patterns and conservation.
 4. The system of claim 1, whereinthe second information transmitted from the server to the apparatuscomprises feedback to the power consumer on environmental factors thatresult from consumer usage patterns and/or decisions.
 5. The system ofclaim 4, wherein the environmental factors comprise CO₂ emissions. 6.The system of claim 1, wherein the second information transmitted fromthe server to the apparatus comprises sponsorship and/or advertisementtargeted to the power consumer.
 7. The system of claim 1, wherein theapparatus comprises a compact housing sufficiently small to be held in asingle hand.
 8. The system of claim 1, wherein (i) the transceiverdevice is provided within a communications unit, (ii) a centralprocessing device of the communications unit causes the signalsrepresentative of the monitored electrical current or power consumed tobe stored in a second memory of the communications unit and (iii) thetransceiver device transmits the signals to the server.
 9. The system ofclaim 1, further comprising a clearinghouse facility that receives thesignals supplied via the transceiver device, the clearinghouse facilitybeing remotely located from the apparatus and includes the server, theserver having a digital signal processor that converts the signalssupplied via the transceiver device into a report relating to theelectrical current or power consumption by the power device.
 10. Thesystem of claim 1, wherein (i) the program instructions in the firstmemory cause the programmable microprocessor to display one or moremenus on the display, (ii) operation of one or more switches of theapparatus that are aligned with the menus allows the power consumer tocontrol the programmable microprocessor and the transceiver device and(iii) the operation of the switches further controls (a) the processingof the signals representative of the monitored electrical current orpower consumed, (b) transmission of the signals from the transceiverdevice to the programmable microprocessor and (c) the display of thesecond information on the display.
 11. The system of claim 10, whereinthe menus displayed on the display and further operation of one or moreof the switches allows the power consumer to generate third informationcomprising graphic and alphanumeric displays on the display, thealphanumeric and graphic displays being representative of the signalsthat are representative of the monitored electrical current or powerconsumed.
 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the apparatus furthercomprises a receptacle configured to receive a cartridge, the cartridgecomprising a second memory having stored therein the programinstructions.
 13. The system of claim 12, wherein transfer of theprograms instructions from the cartridge to the first memory adapts theapparatus to operate with the power device.
 14. The system of claim 1,wherein the program instructions are downloaded to the first memory fromthe server located at a clearinghouse facility.
 15. The system of claim14, wherein the downloaded program instructions reconfigure operation ofthe power device.
 16. The system of claim 1, wherein the programinstructions are selected by (i) a user of the system to manage thepower usage from a website, or (ii) by a professional.
 17. The system ofclaim 1, further comprising software in the server enablingauthentication of a user of the system.
 18. The system of claim 17,wherein the user comprises at least one of: the power consumer, autility representative, or a third party.
 19. The system of claim 18,wherein the third party is in signal communication with the server froma remotely located computer.